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Amarakaeri Pronunciation and Spelling Guide

The following charts show the pronunciation for the Amarakaeri orthography we have used on our site, as well as some alternate spellings that you may find in other books and websites.

˜Vowels

Character We Use:	Sometimes Also Used:	IPA symbol:	How To Pronounce It:
a		a	Like the a in father.
aa		a	Like a only held longer.
e		e ~ ε	Like the e sound in Spanish, similar to the a in gate. Sometimes it is pronounced more like the e in get.
ee		e	Like e only held longer.
i		i	Like the i in police.
ii		i	Like i only held longer.
o		o	Like the o in note.
oo		o	Like o only held longer.
u	u	i	This sound does not exist in English. It sounds like the i in police only pronounced further back in the mouth. If you've ever heard a Slavic language like Russian or Polish being spoken, it is the same "dark i" sound from those languages.
uu	uu	i	Like u only held longer.

˜Nasal Vowels

Nasal vowels don't exist in English, but you may be familiar with them from French (or from hearing people speak English with a French accent.) They are pronounced just like oral ("regular") vowels, only using your nose as well as your mouth. To English speakers, a nasal vowel often sounds like a vowel with a half-pronounced "n" at the end of it. You can hear examples of nasal vowels at the end of the French words "bon" and "Jean," or in the middle of the word "Français."

Character We Use:	Sometimes Also Used:	IPA symbol:
a	ã	ã
e	ẽ	ẽ
i	ĩ	ĩ
o	õ	õ
u	ũ, ũ	ĩ

˜Consonants

Character We Use:	Sometimes Also Used:	IPA symbol:	How To Pronounce It:
b	mb	^mb	A pre-nasalized b, pronounced like a cross between b and mb.
d	nd, dn	ⁿd ~ dⁿ	A pre-nasalized d, pronounced like a cross between d and nd. At the end of a word it usually sounds like dn instead.
g	gn, ng	g^ŋ	A nasalized g, pronounced like gng. After a nasal vowel it is pronounced the same as n.
hu	w	w	Like w in way.
j		h	Like h in hay.
k	c, q	k	Like k in keep.
m		m	Like m in moon.
n		n	Like n in night.
p		p	Like the p in pie.
r			Like the r in Spanish pero, somewhat like the tt in American English butter.
s	c, x, sh	s ~	Like s in song. Before an i it is often pronounced like the sh in sheet.
t	ch	t ~ t	Like the t in tell. Before an i it is often pronounced like the ch in cheek.
y		j	Like y in yes.
’			A pause sound, like the one in the middle of the word "uh-oh."

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