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Native American Tribes of Vermont

Welcome to our Vermont State Facts section, part of an educational project designed to provide information about indigenous people in different U.S. states. Follow the links to the right of our tribal map for more information about the language, culture and history of each Vermont tribe, or scroll below the map for Vermont Indian activities including a wordsearch, fact sheets, and words from the Native American languages of Vermont. Feel free to print any of these materials out for classroom use!

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American Indians in Vermont

The original inhabitants of the area that is now Vermont included:

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The Abenaki tribe

The Mohican tribe

The Massachusett tribes (including Pennacook and Pocomtuc)

There are no federally recognized Indian tribes in Vermont today.

Most Native Americans were forced to leave Vermont during the 1600's, when eastern tribes were being displaced by colonial expansion. These tribes are not extinct, but except for the descendants of Vermont Indians who hid or assimilated into white society, they do not live in Vermont anymore. Most tribes that once were native to Vermont ended up on reservations in Canada. If you click on the link for each tribe above, you can find more information about them.

State-recognized Indian tribes and communities in Vermont include:

Abenaki Nation of Mississquoi:
100 Grand Avenue
Swanton, VT 05488

Nulhegan Band of the Coosuk Abenaki Nation:
156 Bacon Drive
Shelburne, VT 05482

Elnu Abenaki Tribe:
5243 VT Route 30
Jamaica, VT. 05343

Other Indian tribes, bands and communities remaining in Vermont today include:

Traditional Abenakis of Mazipskwik & Related Bands:
P.O. Box 309
Highgate Center, VT 05459

Teaching and learning activities about Vermont Native American tribes:

Feel free to print these out to use at school!

Vermont Tribes Word Search: Printable puzzle hiding the names of Vermont's Indian tribes.

Vermont Language Greetings: Learn to say "hello" in several Native Vermont languages.

Vermont Native Animals: Learn the Native American names of Vermont animals.

Vermont Indian Facts for Kids: Answers to frequently asked questions about the tribes of Vermont.
We currently have pages for the Abenaki, Mohican, Massachusett and Pocumtuc tribes.

Recommended books about Vermont Native Americans
(Our organization earns a commission from any book bought through these links)

Vermont Indians:
Simple book introducing Vermont's Native American history and culture to kids.

New England Indians:
More in-depth book for kids about the tribes of Vermont and New England.

The Voice of the Dawn:
Vermont Indian history by Abenaki tribal archaeologist Fred Wiseman.

The Western Abenakis of Vermont:
Vermont Native history from 1600-1800.

Encyclopedia of Vermont Indians:
Thorough reference book about the Native American tribes of Vermont.

The Original Vermonters:
Archaeology, prehistory, and precontact life of the Vermont Abenaki Indians.

Native American Place Names of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont:
The native etymology of present-day place-names in New England.

Other resources about American Indian history, culture and society in Vermont state:

Indian Tribes of Vermont:
Information on Vermont's native people.

Indigenous Place Names in the Adirondacks and Champlain Valley:
Map of Native placenames in Vermont and New York, with audio files of their pronunciation.

Finding One's Way:
A story about Vermont Abenaki heritage, custom, and beliefs.